Arthritis Management
Learn about arthritis in older adults: types like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, symptoms, risk factors, pain management, and lifestyle tips to maintain joint health and mobility.
Overview
Arthritis is a leading cause of disability among older adults, encompassing more than 100 conditions that affect the joints and surrounding tissues. The two most common forms in seniors are osteoarthritis (OA), caused by wear and tear of protective cartilage, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation. Arthritis management aims to reduce pain, control inflammation, preserve joint function, and prevent disability through a combination of medication, physical therapy, exercise, weight management, and assistive devices. Early diagnosis and a personalized care plan can significantly improve outcomes and help seniors remain active and independent.
Common Symptoms
- Joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
- Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes
- Swelling, tenderness, or warmth around joints
- Reduced range of motion and flexibility
- Crepitus (grinding or cracking sounds) during movement
- Joint deformity in advanced stages
- Fatigue and reduced physical function
Risk Factors
Lifestyle Tips
Engage in low-impact exercise such as swimming, cycling, or walking
Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on weight-bearing joints
Apply heat or cold packs to relieve pain and stiffness
Use assistive devices like canes or jar openers to protect joints
Practice gentle stretching and range-of-motion exercises daily
Eat an anti-inflammatory diet rich in omega-3s, fruits, and vegetables
Get adequate rest and balance activity with recovery
Work with a physical therapist on a personalized joint-protection plan
When to Seek Medical Care
See a healthcare provider if joint pain or stiffness persists beyond a few weeks, limits daily activities, or is accompanied by swelling, redness, or warmth. Seek prompt care for sudden severe joint pain, inability to move a joint, fever with joint symptoms, or joint deformity. A rheumatologist can confirm the diagnosis and tailor a treatment plan including medications, therapy, or injections.
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